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Welcome to the PSM Wiki-lexicon "Polymer Testing & Diagnostics" from Polymer Service GmbH Merseburg (PSM)!

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A

• ABBE Refractometer
• Abbreviated Terms – Plastics (see Plastics – Symbols and Abbreviated Terms)
• Abrasion Elastomers
• Absorption Coefficient (Degree of Absorption) (see Thermography)
• Absorption Light (see Light Absorption)
• Absorption Sound Waves
• Accuracy Class
• Accreditation and Certification
• Acoustic Damping and Damping Coefficient (see Acoustic Properties)
• Acoustic Emission
• Acoustic Microscopy (see Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM))
• Acoustic Properties
• Acoustic Resonance Analysis (see Resonance Analysis (Acoustic)
• ADAM-GIBBS-realition (see Crystallinity)
• Adhesion Behaviour of Films (see Peel-Cling Test)
• Adhesion Glass Fibre (see Fibre–Matrix Adhesion)
• Adhesion Strength (see Surface Testing Technology and Plastic Films & Varnishes – Surface Technology)
• Adhesive Energy Release Rate
• Adhesive Joints – Determination of Characteristic Values
• Adjustment
• Ageing
• Ageing Elastomers
• Air-Ultrasound
• Air-Ultrasound – Device Technology
• Alpha ROCKWELL Hardness
• Altstädt, Volker
• Angle Beam Sensors (see Ultrasonic Angle Beam Sensors)
• Angle Specimen
• Anisotropic Deformation (see Deformation)
• Anisotropy
• Arcan-Specimen
• Arc-shaped Specimen (see C-shaped Test Specimen)
• Arrest Lines (see Fracture Types, Fractography and Waves and Arrest Lines)
• A-Scan Technique
• Ashing Method
• Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
• Autoadhesion (see Peel-Cling Test, Peel-Cling Test Extended and Peel-Cling Test Cyclic)

B

• Bakelite
• Ball Indentation Hardness
• Ball Indentation Hardness IRHD (see IRHD Hardness)
• Ball or Pin Impression Method
• Banana Test Specimen (see RDE-Specimen)
• BARENBLATT Crack Model (see Crack Model according to BARENBLATT)
• Barcol Hardness
• Barrier Plastics
• BAUMANN Impression (see Metallography)
• BCS Crack Model (see Crack Models)
• BEGLEY and LANDES – J-Integral Estimation Method
• Bell Test (Telephone Test) (see Bent Strip Method)
• Bending Stiffness (see Stiffness and Bend Test Compliance)
• Bend Loading
• Bend Test
• Bend Test and Light Microscopy
• Bend Test and Sound Emission Analysis
• Bend Test Compliance
• Bend Test – Influences
• Bend Test – Shear Stress
• Bend Test – Specimen Preparation
• Bend Test – Specimen Shapes
• Bend Test – Test Influences
• Bend Test – Yield Stress
• Bent Strip Method
• Bierögel, Christian
• Bio-Plastics
• Bio-Plastics – Impact-Modified
• Blowholes (see Shrink Voids)
• Blumenauer, Horst
• Blunting Crack Tip (see Stretch Zone, in-situ Tensile Test in ESEM with AE and Crack Opening)
• Blunting Line (see Crack Resistance (R) Curve)
• BOLTZMANN's Superposition Principle
• Boundary Surface (see Phase Boundary Surface)
• Brittle Fracture (see Fracture Types, Component Failure and Fractography)
• Brittle Fracture Promoting Factors
• Brittle-Tough Transition
• Brittle-Tough Transition Temperature
• B-Scan Technique
• BUCHHOLZ Hardness
• Buckling Stress (see Specimen Compliance)
• Bulk Density
• Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)

C

• Calibration
• Campus®
• Capillary Rheometer
• Carbon Black (see Filler Carbon Black)
• Cavity (see Shrink Voids, Sink Mark and Fracture Parables)
• Ceramography
• Characteristic Values (see Material Value)
• Charpy, Georges
• Charpy Impact Test (see Impact Test)
• Charpy Testing
• CIELAB Colour Space
• Clamping Jaws (see Specimen Clamping)
• Cling Force (see Peel-Cling Test, Peel-Cling Test Extended and Peel-Cling Test Cyclic)
• Cling Test (see Peel-Cling Test)
• Clip-on Strain Gauge (see Tensile Test, Path Measurement Technique)
• CLS-Specimen
• COD Concept (see Crack Tip Opening Displacement Concept (CTOD))
• Cohesive Strength (see Fracture)
• Cohesive Zone Models
• Cold Stretching (see Tensile Test)
• Colour
• Colour Apperance (see Colour)
• Colour Difference
• Colourimetry
• Colour Measurement
• Colour Penetration Test
• Compact Tension Shear (CTS) Specimen
• Compact Tension Specimen
• Comparative Tracking Index (CTI) (see Creep Current Resistance)
• Compliance (see Tensile Test Compliance and Specimen Compliance)
• Compliance Method (see J-Compliance Method)
• Component Failure
• Component Testing
• Composite Materials Testing
• Composite Materials Testing – Requirements for Materials Testing Machines
• Composite Probes (see Ultrasonic Composite Sensors)
• Composite Sensors (see Ultrasonic Composite Sensors)
• Compression After Impact Test
• Compression Hardness
• Compression Modulus (see Energy Elasticity)
• Compression Resistance (see Compression Hardness)
• Compression Test
• Compression Test Arrangement
• Compression Test Compliance
• Compressive and Buckling Stiffness (see Stiffness)
• Compressive Strength
• Conditioning (see Test Climate)
• Constant Tensile Load Method (see Tensile Creep Test)
• Constraint Factor (see J-Integral Concept and Toughness Temperature Dependence)
• Contact Angle Measurement (see Surface Tension and Interfacial Tension)
• Contact Mechanics (see HERTZIAN Pressure)
• Continuous Vibration Test
• Continuum Mechanics
• Conventional Hardness Testing
• Conventional Tensile-Impact Test (see Tensile Impact Test)
• Corrected Beam Theory (CBT) (see Adhesive Joints – Determination of Characteristic Values)
• Correspondence Principle
• COUETTE Rheometer (see Rotational Rheometer)
• Crack
• Crack Blunting (see Crack Resistance (R) Curve and Fracture Mechanics)
• Crack Formation (see Fracture Formation)
• Crack Growth (see Crack Propagation)
• Crack Growth Curve (see Fatigue Crack Propagation Elastomers)
• Crack Growth Rate (see Fatigue Crack Propagation Elastomers and Crack Propagation Stress Corrosion Cracking)
• Crack Initiation
• Crack Models
• Crack Model according to BARENBLATT
• Crack Model according to DUGDALE
• Crack Model according to GRIFFITH
• Crack Model according to IRWIN and Mc CLINTOCK
• Crack Opening
• Crack Opening Displacement (CTOD) Concept (see Crack Tip Opening Displacement Concept (CTOD))
• Crack Opening Displacement Velocity (see Levels of Knowledge in Fracture Mechanics)
• Crack Opening Modes
• Crack Propagation
• Crack Propagation Energy
• Crack Propagation Stress Corrosion Cracking
• Crack Resistance Curve – Examples
• Crack Resistance Curve – Experimental Methods
• Crack Resistance Curve – Elastomers Quasistatic
• Crack Resistance (R) Curve
• Crack Tip Opening Displacement Concept (CTOD)
• Crack Toughness
• Crash Behaviour (see High-speed Tensile Test and Impact Loading High-Speed Testing)
• Craze (see Micromechanics & Nanomechanics)
• Craze-Types
• Crazing
• CRB-Test (Crack Round Bar Test) (see Full Notch Creep Test (FNCT) and Pennsylvania Edge Notch Tensile (PENT) Test)
• Creep Behaviour – Creep Compression Test
• Creep Behaviour – Determination
• Creep Behaviour – Flexural Creep Test
• Creep Behaviour – Creep Internal Compression Test
• Creep Behaviour – Creep Compression Test
• Creep Behaviour – Recovery Test
• Creep Behaviour – Tensile Creep Test
• Creep Compression Curves (see Creep Behaviour – Creep Compression Test)
• Creep Compression Test
• Creep Current Resistance
• Creep Internal Pressure Diagram (see Creep Behaviour – Creep Internal Compression Test)
• Creep Modulus (see Creep Behaviour – Determination, Elastic Modulus and Creep Behaviour – Tensile Creep Test)
• Creep Path Formation (see Tracking)
• Creep Plastics
• Crescent Specimen
• Critical Crack Opening Displacement (see Extended CTOD Concept)
• Crosshead Speed
• Cross-linking Density (see Entropy Elasticity, Ageing Elastomers and Degree of Cross-Linking Elastomers)
• Cross-linking Elastomers
• Cryo-Ultramicrotomy (see Ultramicrotomy)
• Crystallinity
• C-shaped Test Specimen
• C-Scan Technique
• CTI-Value (Comparative Tracking Index) (see Creep Current Resistance)
• CT-Specimen
• CTS-Specimen
• Curing
• Cut-off Frequency (see Piezoelectric Force Transducer and Ultrasonic Shock Wave Sensors)

D

• Damage Analysis (see Failure Analysis – Basics)
• Damage Analysis of Plastic Products (see Failure Analysis Plastics Products, VDI Guideline 3822)
• Damage Zone (Area) (see Fracture Surface)
• Dart Drop Test (see Puncture Impact Test)
• DCB-Specimen (Double-Cantilever Beam)
• De BROGLIE equation (see Resolution Microscope)
• Defect Density (see Tensile Test Event-related Interpretation)
• Deformation
• Deformation Behaviour of Human Cartilage
• Deformation Fracture (see Fracture Types)
• Deformation Mechanisms
• Deformation Rate
• Deformation Velocity
• Degree of Cross-Linking Elastomers
• Degree of Crystallinity (see Crystallinity)
• Degree of Swelling (see Degree of Cross-Linking Elastomers)
• Density
• DENT-Specimen (Double Edge-Notched Tension Specimen)
• Depth of Focus Microscope
• Dielectric Loss Factor
• Dielectric Properties
• Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
• Dimensional Stability (see Heat Resistance)
• Disc-shaped CT-specimen (see RCT-Specimen)
• Dispersion
• Distortion of Moulded Part (see Processing Shrinkage)
• Dog-Bone Model (see Plastic Zone)
• Double-sided Notched Tension Specimen) (see DENT-Specimen)
• DOW Test (see Bent Strip Method)
• Drives Materials Testing Machines
• Drop Bolt Test (see Puncture Impact Test)
• D-Scan Technique
• Ductility Plastics
• DUGDALE Crack Model (see Crack Model according to DUGDALE)
• Durability Elastomers
• Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – General Principles
• Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – Bend Loading
• Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – Tensile Stress
• Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – Torsional Stress
• Dynstat Impact Test (see Impact Test)

E

• Effective Crack Length
• Ehrenstein, Gottfried W.
• Elastic Deformation (see Deformation)
• Elasticity
• Elastic Modulus
• Elastic Modulus – Examples and Material Values
• Elastic Modulus – Ultrasonic Measurement
• Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics (EPFM) (see Fracture Mechanics)
• Elastomers
• Elastomer Dispersion Filler
• Elastomer Filler Carbon Black (see Filler Carbon Black)
• Electrical Conductivity
• Electrical Strength
• Electromechanical Drive (see Drives Materials Testing Machines)
• Electro-mechanical Force Transducer
• Electron Diffraction (see Transmission Electron Microscopy)
• Electronic Instrumentation
• Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI)
• Electron Microscopy
• Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) (see Electrical Conductivity)
• Elongational Viscosity
• Elongation at Break (see Tensile Strength)
• ELS-Specimen
• Emission (see Acoustic Emission)
• Energy Balance ICIT
• Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)
• Energy Elasticity
• Energy Fracture Criterion (see Energy Release Rate)
• Energy Release Rate
• ENF-Specimen (End-Notched Flexure)
• 4 End-Notched Flexure Specimen
• Entanglements (see Polymers & Structure, Entropy Elasticity and Degree of Cross-Linking Elastomers)
• Entropy Elasticity
• Entry Point (see Sink Mark)
• Environmental-SEM (ESEM)
• Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance
• Equivalent Energy Concept – Application Limits
• Equivalent Energy Concept – Basics
• Error Limit
• Errors
• ESEM (see Environmental-SEM (ESEM))
• Essential Work of Fracture (EWF)-Concept
• EULER's Buckling (see Strength, Stiffness and Slenderness Ratio)
• Exfoliation (see Laser Silicate-reinforced Polymers)
• Experimental Compliance Method (ECM) (see Adhesive Joints – Determination of Characteristic Values)
• Extended CTOD Concept
• Extinction (see Transmission Light)

F

• Failure (see Fracture)
• Failure Analysis – Basics
• Failure Analysis Plastics Products, VDI Guideline 3822
• Fall Hammer Method (see Puncture Impact Test)
• Fall Test (see Puncture Impact Test)
• Fatigue
• Fatigue Crack Propagation Elastomers
• Fatigue Strength
• Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (see Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung)
• Fibre Agglomeration
• Fibre Content (see Ashing Method)
• Fibre Formation (see Fracture Types, Craze-Types and Fracture Parables)
• Fibre–Matrix Adhesion
• Fibre Orientation
• Fibre-reinforced Plastics
• Fibre-reinforced Plastics Fracture Model
• Fibrillation (see Crazing, Craze-Types and Multiple Crazing)
• Filler (see Particle-filled Thermoplastics)
• Filler Carbon Black
• Film Testing
• Fixed-arm Peel Test
• Flammability
• Flat Test Specimen (see Notching)
• Flexural Creep Test
• Flexural Modulus
• Flexural Strength
• Flexural Test (see Bend Test)
• FLORY-HUGGINS Interaction Parameter (see Degree of Cross-Linking Elastomers)
• FLORY-REHNER Theory (see Degree of Cross-Linking Elastomers)
• Flow Lines (see Uniaxial Stress State and Plastography)
• Flow Zones (see Shear Band Formation and Bend Test – Yield Stress)
• Force Measurement Technique (see Tensile Test)
• Force Transducer (see Electro-mechanical Force Transducer and Piezoelectric Force Transducer)
• Four End-Notched Flexure (4ENF) Specimen (see 4 ENF-Specimen)
• FOURIER'S Law (see Temperature Conductivity)
• FOURIER Transform (see Frequency Analysis)
• Four Point Bend Test (see Bend Test and Bend Test – Influences)
• Fractography
• Fracture
• Fracture Behaviour
• Fracture Behaviour of Plastics Components
• Fracture Criterion (see Energy Release Rate)
• Fracture Energy (see Fracture Formation and Fracture)
• Fracture Formation
• Fracture Mechanical Testing
• Fracture Mechanics
• Fracture Mechanics Test Specimens (see Specimen for Fracture Mechanics Tests)
• Fracture Mirror
• Fracture Modes
• Fracture Parables
• Fracture Process Zone
• Fracture Safety Criterion
• Fracture Surface
• Fracture Time (see ICIT – Experimental Conditions, Frequency Responcse Control and Plastic Hinge Model)
• Fracture Toughness (see Fracture Mechanics)
• Fracture Types
• Free Energy (see Surface Energy and Rubber Elasticity)
• Free Falling Dart Method (see Puncture Impact Test)
• Freezing Time
• Frequency Analysis
• Frequency Response Control
• Friction (see Bend Test – Influences)
• Friction Force
• FRMM-Specimen
• F-Scan Technique
• FTIR Spectroscopy
• Full Notch Creep Test (FNCT)
• Functional Polymers (see Smart Materials)

G

• Gas Bubbles
• Geometry Criterion
• Geometry Function
• Glass Fibre Content (see Ashing Method)
• Glass Fibre Length Distribution – Matrix Resolution
• Glass Fibre Orientation
• Glass Transition Temperature
• Gloss
• Gloss Measurement
• Glowing Hot-Wire Test
• Goodyear, Charles Nelson
• Grellmann, Wolfgang
• Griffith, Alan Arnold
• GRIFFITH's Crack Model (see Crack Model according to GRIFFITH)
• GRIFFITH's Criteria
• GRIFFITH's Theory

H

• HAGEN-POISSEUILLE-Equation (see Capillary Rheometer)
• Hardness
• Hardness Revaluation (see Hardness)
• Hardness Testing (see Hardness)
• Heat Conduction Equation (see Thermal Conductivity)
• Heat Conductivity (see Thermal Conductivity)
• Heat Distortion Temperature HDT
• Heat Expansion Coefficient (see Thermal Expansion Coefficient)
• Heat Resistance
• Heat Sealing Process (see Sealed Seam)
• Heat Toning (see Tensile Test)
• HERTZIAN Pressure
• Heterogeneity
• HF-Scan
• High-pressure Capillary Rheometer (see Capillary Rheometer)
• High-speed Tensile Test
• Hole Formation Films
• Hole Formation Plastics
• HOOKE's Law
• HRR Crack Model (see Crack Models)
• HUYGENS' Principle (see Sound Pressure)
• Hybrid Drive (see Drives Materials Testing Machines)
• Hybrid Methods, Examples
• Hybrid Methods of Plastic Diagnostics

I

• ICIT (see Instrumented Charpy Impact Test)
• ICIT – Energy Method
• ICIT – Experimental Conditions
• ICIT – Extended Stop-Block Method
• ICIT – Influence of Pendulum Hammer Velocity
• ICIT – Limits of Fracture Mechanics Evaluation
• ICIT – Nonlinear Material Behaviour
• ICIT – Specimen Length Method
• ICIT – Stop Block Method
• ICIT – Support Span Method
• ICIT – Types of Impact Load–Deflection Diagrams
• ICIT with AE
• Imaging Ultrasonic Testing
• Immersion Method (see Density)
• Impact Loading Free-falling Dart Test
• Impact Loading High-Speed Testing
• Impact Loading Pendulum Impact Tester
• Impact Loading Plastics
• Impact Strength (see Notched Impact Test)
• Impact Test
• Implant Testing
• In-situ Microscopy (see Transmission Electron Microscopy)
• In-situ Peel Test (see Peeling Process)
• In-situ R-Curve Method (see Bend Test and Light Microscopy)
• In-situ Tensile Test in ESEM with AE
• In-situ Tensile Test in NMR
• In-situ Ultramicrotomy
• Indentation Depth Measurement (see Instrumented Hardness Measurement – Indentation Depth Measurement with Modified Contact Foot)
• Indentation Fracture Mechanics
• Indentation Hardness (see Compression Hardness and Barcol Hardness)
• Indentation Modulus
• Indentation Resistance (see BUCHHOLZ Hardness)
• Indenter
• Index of Refraction (see Refraction Index)
• Induction Time (see Thermostability PVC)
• Inertial Load
• Information Content of Fracture Mechanical Parameters (see Levels of Knowledge in Fracture Mechanics)
• Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy (see FTIR Spectroscopy)
• Initial Crack Length
• Instrumentation (see Electronic Instrumentation)
• Instrumented Adhesion Test
• Instrumented Charpy Impact Test (ICIT)
• Instrumented Free-falling Dart Test (see Instrumented Puncture Impact Test and Impact Loading Free-falling Dart Test)
• Instrumented Hardness Measurement – Creep
• Instrumented Hardness Measurement – Indentation Depth Measurement with Modified Contact Foot
• Instrumented Hardness Measurement – Relaxation
• Instrumented Hardness Measurement with Tempering
• Instrumented Hardness Testing – Method & Material Parameters
• Instrumented Microhardness Testing with AFM
• Instrumented Puncture Impact Test
• Instrumented Scratch Testing
• Instrumented Tensile Impact Test (ITIT)
• Instrumented Tensile Impact Test (ITIT), Examples
• Insulation Resistance
• Intelligent Materials (see Smart Materials)
• Intercalated Structure (see Layer Silicate-reinforced Polymers)
• Interface (see Phase Boundary Surface)
• Interfacial Energy (see Surface Energy)
• Interfacial Tension (see Surface Tension and Interfacial Tension)
• Interlaminar Crack Path (see Peeling Process)
• Interlaminar Shear Strength
• Internal Compression Test (see Creep Behaviour – Creep Internal Compression Test)
• Internal Pressure Strength (see Creep Behaviour – Creep Internal Compression Test)
• IRHD Hardness
• IRWIN and Mc CLINTOCK crack model (see Crack Model according to IRWIN and Mc CLINTOCK)
• IRWIN-KIES Equation (see Adhesive Joints – Determination of Characteristic Values)
• ITIT (see Instrumented Tensile Impact Test (ITIT))
• IZOD Impact Test (see Impact Test)

J

• J-Compliance Method
• J-Integral Concept
• J-Integral Estimation Methods of

- BEGLEY and LANDES (see BEGLEY and LANDES – J-Integral Estimation Method (BL))

- RICE, PARIS and MERKLE (see RICE, PARIS and MERKLE – J-Integral Estimation Method (RPM))

- SUMPTER and TURNER (see SUMPTER and TURNER – J-Integral Estimation Method (ST))

- MERKLE and CORTEN (see MERKLE and CORTEN – J-Integral Estimation Method (MC))

- KANAZAWA (see KANAZAWA – J-Integral Estimation Method (K))

• J-Integral Evaluation Methods (Overview)
• JTJ-Concept
• Jump Distance (see Ultrasonic Angle Beam Sensors)

K

• KANAZAWA – J-Integral Estimation Method
• Kausch, Hans-Henning
• KIRCHHOFF's Law of Radiation (see Thermography)
• KNOOP Hardness

L

• LAMBERT-BEER's Law (see Light Absorption)
• LAMBERTIAN Law of Radiation (see Reflexion Light)
• Lamb Waves (see Ultrasonic Plate Waves Sensors)
• Lamella (see Polymers & Structure)
• Laser Angle-Scanner
• Laser Cross-Unit
• Laser Doppler-Scanner
• Laser Double-Scanner
• Laser Extensometry
• Laser Extensometry – Local Strain Control
• Laser Heterogeneity of Strain Distribution
• Laser Longitudinal–Transverse Scanner
• Laser Multi-Scanner
• Laser Parallel-Scanner
• Layer Silicate-reinforced Polymers
• Laser Sintering Process
• Laser TMA-Scanner
• Levels of Knowledge in Fracture Mechanics
• Lid-opening Test
• Lid-opening Test, Voice Prothesis (see Lid-opening Test)
• Light Absorption
• Light Microscopy (see Bend Test and Light Microscopy, Metallography and Plastography)
• Light Remission (see Remission Light)
• Light Transmission (see Transmission Light)
• Limit Frequency (see Piezoelectric Force Transducer and Ultrasonic Shock Wave Sensors)
• Linear-elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) (see Fracture Mechanics)
• Linear Thermal Expansion Coefficient (see Thermomechanical Analysis)
• Linear-viscoelastic Behaviour
• Liquid Pycnometer Method (see Density)
• Load Cell (see Electro-mechanical Force Transducer and Piezoelectric Force Transducer)
• Load Framework
• Loading Speed (see Test Speed)
• Longitudinal Wave Sensors (see Ultrasonic Standard Sensors)
• Low-pressure Capillary Rheometer (see Capillary Rheometer)
• Low Vacuum Mode (see Environmental-SEM (ESEM))

M

• Machine Compliance
• Macrodispersion Degree Elastomers
• Macroscopic Fracture Features (see Fracture Types and Fractography)
• Magnification Microscope
• Manufacturer of Material Testing Machines
• Martens, Adolf
• MARTENS Hardness (see Instrumented Hardness Testing – Method & Material Parameters)
• Material Diagnostic (see Non-destructive Polymer Testing and Polymer Diagnostic)
• Materialography
• Material Parameter
• Material Science & Interdisciplinarity
• Material Science & Plastics
• Materials Science
• Materials Science & University Education in Merseburg/Halle
• Materials Technology & Materials Science
• Materials Testing
• Material Testing Machine
• Material Value
• Material & Werkstoff
• MAXWELL Model
• Measure
• Measure Deviation
• Measured Value
• Measured Value Accuracy
• Measured Variable
• Measuring Accuracy
• Measuring Device Monitoring
• Measuring Uncertainty
• Melt Flow Index (see Melt Mass-Flow Rate and Melt Volume-Flow Rate)
• Melt Mass-Flow Rate
• Melt Temperatur (see Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Crystallinity)
• Melt Volume-Flow Rate
• Menges, Georg
• MERKLE and CORTEN – J-Integral Estimation Method
• Metallography
• MFR (see Melt Mass-Flow Rate)
• Michler, Goerg Hannes
• Microcrack (see Crack)
• Micro-Damage Limit
• Microhardness (see Hardness)
• Micro-IRHD (see IRHD Hardness)
• Micromechanics & Nanomechanics
• Microplastic & Nanoplastic
• Micropores
• Microscopic Fracture Features (see Fracture Types)
• Microscopic Structure
• Micro-Tensile Tests
• Microtomy
• Mixed-Mode Crack Propagation
• MMB-Specimen
• Mobile Hardness Measurement
• Mode I Loading (see Fracture Modes and Crack Opening Modes)
• Mode I + III Loading (see Adhesive Joints – Determination of Characteristic Values)
• Modulus of Compressibility (see Energy Elasticity)
• Modulus of Elasticity (see Elastic Modulus)
• Mohs, Carl Friedrich Christian
• MOHS Hardness Scale (see Scratch Hardness and Mohs, Carl Friedrich Christian)
• Morphology (see Microscopic Structure)
• Moulded Part (see Moulding Compound)
• Moulding Compound
• Moulding Compound Test
• MPK Standard
• MPK-Procedure MPK-ICIT
• MPK-Procedure MPK-ITIT
• MTS (Maximum Tensile Stress) Criterion (see Mixed-Mode Crack Propagation
• Multiaxial Stress State
• Multiple Crazing
• Multiple Fracture UD Tapes
• Multipurpose Test Specimen
• MVR (see Melt Volume-Flow Rate)

N

• Nanocomposite (see Layer Silicate-reinforced Thermoplastics)
• Nanoindentation Testing
• Nase, Michael
• Necking Strain (see Tensile Test Uniform Elongation)
• Neutral Fibre (see Peripheral Fibre Strain, Ultrasound-guided Waves and Ultrasonic Plate Waves Sensors)
• NEWTONIAN Fluid (see Shear Viscosity)
• NMR Spectroscopy (see Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy)
• Nominal and Normative Strain (see Tensile Strength)
• Non-destructive Polymer Testing
• Non-destructive Testing (NDT)
• Nonlinear-viscoelastic Material Behaviour (see Elasticity)
• Normal Stress Fracture Hypothesis (see Mixed-Mode Crack Propagation)
• Notch
• Notched Impact Test
• Notched Tensile Impact Test
• Notch Geometry
• Notch Impact Strength (see Notched Impact Test)
• Notching
• Notch Insertion (see Notching)
• Notch Sensitivity
• Notch Sharpness (see Notch Sensitivity)
• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR Spectroscopy)

O

• Object Raster Method
• ODCB or MC-DCB-Specimen
• Opacity (see Transmission Light)
• Orientation (see Tensile Test Residual Stresses Orientations)
• Overview about J-Integral Evaluation Methods (see J-Integral Evaluation Methods (Overview))
• OWRK Method (see Surface Energy)

P

• Packaging Testing (see Testing Plastic Packaging)
• Parameter (see Material Parameter)
• PARIS–ERDOGAN Equation (see Fatigue Crack Propagation Elastomers)
• Particle-filled Thermoplastics
• Peel Angle
• Peel Behaviour – Modelling
• Peel-Cling Test
• Peel-Cling Test Cyclic
• Peel-Cling Test Extended
• Peel Curve (see Peel Force – Fracture Path Diagram)
• Peel Force
• Peel Force – Fracture Path Diagram
• Peeling Process
• Peel Properties of Peel Systems
• Peel Test
• Pendulum Hammer Velocity (see ICIT – Influence of Pendulum Hammer Velocity)
• Pennsylvania Edge Notch Tensile (PENT) Test
• Peripheral Fibre Strain
• Permeation
• Permittivity (see Dielectric Properties)
• Phase and Group Velocity (see Sound Velocity)
• Phase Boundary Surface
• Phased Array Technology (see Ultrasonic Phased Array Sensors)
• Phase-Measuring Deflectometry (PMD) (see Raster Reflection Method)
• Physical Crack Initiation (see Stretch Zone and Crack Initiation)
• Piezoelectric Ceramic
• Piezoelectric Ceramic Transducer
• Piezoelectric Effect (see Piezoelectric Force Transducer and Piezoelectric Ceramic)
• Piezoelectric Force Transducer
• Pin Impression Method (see Ball or Pin Impression Method)
• PLANCK's constant (see Resolution Microscope)
• Plane Stress and Strain State
• Plastic Component
• Plastic Deformation (see Deformation)
• Plastic Film (see Instrumented Scratch Testing and Plastic Films & Varnishes – Surface Technology)
• Plastic Films & Varnishes – Surface Technology
• Plastic Hinge Model
• Plasticity (see Deformation, TABOR Relationship and Pure Shear Specimen)
• Plastics
• Plastics – Symbols and Abbreviated Terms
• Plastic Zone
• Plastography
• Plong Hardness (see Instrumented Scratch Testing and Plastic Films & Varnishes – Surface Technology)
• Poisson's Ratio
• Polarisation Optical Examination
• Poldi-Hammer Hardness Test (see Mobile Hardness Measurement)
• Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) (see Bio-Plastics – Impact-Modified)
• Polydispersity (PDI) (see Glass Fibre Length Distribution – Matrix Resolution)
• Polymer
• Polymer Blend
• Polymer Diagnostic
• Polymer Service GmbH Merseburg
• Polymers & Structure
• Polymer Testing
• Porosity (see Plastography, Ceramography and Colour Penetration Test)
• Pourability
• Processing Shrinkage
• Producer Material Testing Machines (see Manufacturer Material Testing Machines)
• Product Defects (see Errors)
• Proof Tracking Index (CTI) (see Creep Current Resistance)
• Prosthesis Pull-through Test
• PTI Value (Proof Tracking Index) (see Creep Current Resistance)
• Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Technique
• Puncture Impact Test
• Pure Shear-Specimen
• Push-Out Test

Q

• Quasi-static Short-term tests (see Elastic Modulus)
• Quasi-static Test Methods

R

• Radusch, Hans-Joachim
• Ramps, Bars and Steps
• Raster Reflection Method
• R-Curve Concept (see Crack Resistance (R) Curve)
• RCT-Specimen (Round-compact tension specimen)
• RDE-Specimen (Reduce-dynamic effects specimen)
• Rebound Resilience Elastomers
• Recording Microhardness Testing (see Instrumented Hardness Testing – Method & Material Parameters and Instrumented Microhardness Testing with AFM)
• Recovery Test (see Creep Behaviour – Recovery Test)
• Reflection Light
• Reflection Sound Waves (see Ultrasonic Waves Reflection)
• Refraction Index
• Refraction Law (see Refraction Light and Refraction Sound Waves)
• Refraction Light
• Refraction Sound Waves
• Refractive Index (see Refraction Index)
• Reincke, Katrin
• Reinforcing Materials (see Fibre-reinforced Plastics)
• Relation Factor (see Plastic Hinge Model)
• Relative Dielectric Constant (see Dielectric Properties)
• Relaxation Behaviour Determination
• Relaxation Plastics
• Remission Light
• Repose Angle
• Reptation Model (see Sealed Seam)
• Residual Compressive Strength (see Compression After Impact Test)
• Residual Strength (see Bent Strip Method)
• Residual Stress (see Tensile Test Residual Stresses Orientations)
• Resolution Laser Extensometer Device System
• Resolution Material Testing Machine
• Resolution Microscope
• Resonance Analysis (Acoustic)
• Resonance Frequency (see Piezoelectric Force Transducer, Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – Bend Loading and Ultrasonic Composite Sensors)
• Retardation (see Creep Plastics)
• Rheometry
• RICE, PARIS and MERKLE – J-Integral Estimation Method
• Rise Time Electronic Measuring Chain (see ICIT – Experimental Conditions)
• ROCKWELL Hardness
• Roll Ring Test
• Roll Ring Test Specimen (see Roll Ring Test)
• Rotational Rheometer
• Rotation Factor (see Plastic Hinge Model and Extended CTOD Concept)
• Round Robin Test
• Round Specimen
• Rubber Elasticity

S

• Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM)
• Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
• SCB-Specimen
• Scratch Hardness
• Scratch Resistance
• Scratch Test
• Sealed Seam
• SEARLE-Type Rheometer (see Rotational Rheometer)
• Secant Modulus (see Flexural Modulus, Elastic Modulus and Compression Test)
• Seidler, Sabine
• Self-Adhesion (see Peel-Cling Test, Peel-Cling Test Extended and Peel-Cling Test Cyclic)
• SENB-Specimen (Single-Edge-Notched-Bend)-specimen
• SENT-Specimen (Single-Edge-Notched-Tension)-specimen
• Servo-hydraulic Drive (see Servo-hydraulic Testing Machine)
• Servo-hydraulic Testing Machine
• Shape Memory Materials (see Materials Science and Smart Materials)
• Shear Band Formation
• Shear Fracture (see Fracture Types)
• Shear Loading (see Shear Modulus and Shear Band Formation)
• Shear Modulus
• Shearography
• Shear Stiffness (see Stiffness)
• Shear Stress (see Bend Test – Shear Stress)
• Shear Test (see Shear Modulus)
• Shear Viscosity
• Shock Waves Transducer (see Ultrasonic Shock Wave Sensors)
• SHORE Hardness
• SHORE Hardness – Material Development Elastomers
• Short-beam Bend Test (see Interlaminar Shear Strength)
• Short-fibre Reinforced Plastics
• Short Symbols – Plastics (see Plastics – Symbols and Abbreviated Terms)
• Shrink Voids
• Shrinkage
• Shrinkage Test
• Shunt Lid Pull-trough Test (see Prosthesis Pull-trough Test)
• Side Notches (see Notch)
• Simple Beam Theory (SBT) (see Adhesive Joints – Determination of Characteristic Values)
• Single-Edge Notched Tensile Test Specimen (see SENT-Specimen)
• Single-Element Vertical Sensors (see Ultrasonic Standard Sensors)
• Sink Mark
• Slenderness Ratio
• Slow Crack Growth
• Smart Materials
• SNEDDON-WILLIAMS-Equations (see Crack Model according to GRIFFITH)
• SNELLIUS' Law of Refraction (see Ultrasonic Birefringence, Ultrasonic Angle Beam Sensors and Refraction Light)
• Sonography (see Ultrasound Testing)
• Sound Absorption Coefficient (see Elastic Modulus)
• Sound Emission
• Sound Emission Analysis
• Sound Emission Experimental Conditions
• Sound Emission Testing
• Sound Level (see Sound Pressure)
• Sound Power
• Sound Pressure
• Sound Test
• Sound Velocity
• Specific Heat (see Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermal Conductivity)
• Specific Surface Resistance (see Surface Resistance)
• Specimen
• Specimen Clamping
• Specimen Compliance
• Specimen for Fracture Mechanics Tests
• Specimen for Laser Sintering
• Specimen Shapes for Fatigue Tests (see Test Specimen for Fatigue Tests)
• Speckle Measurement Technique
• Speckle-Pattern Photography (see Speckle Measurement Technique)
• Speed (see Velocity)
• Spherulitic Structure
• SPLIT-HOPKINSON Pressure Bar (SHPB) Test (see Strain Rate Applications)
• Sponge and Foam Structures (see Hole Formation Plastics)
• Spring Characteristic Curve (see Compression Hardness)
• Squirter Technique
• Stability Time (see Thermostability PVC)
• Standard Atmospheres
• Standard Sensors (see Ultrasonic Standard Sensors)
• Standard Small Bar
• Steady-State Plastic Yielding (see Tensile Test Event-related Interpretation)
• STEFAN-BOLTZMANN Constant (see Thermography)
• Stepped Isothermal Method, Macro Indentation Method
• Stepped Isothermal Method, Tensile Stress
• Stick Slip (see Bend Loading and Peel-Cling Test Extended)
• Stiffness (see also Machine Compliance and Specimen Compliance)
• Strain Gauge
• Strain Hardening (SH) Modulus (see Strain Hardening Test (SHT))
• Strain Hardening Test (SHT)
• Strain Rate Applications
• Strain Rate Basics
• Strength
• Stress
• Stress Corrosion Cracking – Fracture Mechanics (see Crack Propagation Stress Corrosion Cracking)
• Stress Cracking (see Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance)
• Stress Cracking Corrosion
• Stress Cracking Resistance (see Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance)
• Stress Intensity Factor (see Fracture Mechanics and SENB-Specimen)
• Stress Relaxation (see Relaxation Plastics)
• Stress-Strain-Diagram (see Tensile Test)
• Stretch Zone
• SUMPTER and TURNER – J-Integral Estimation Method (ST) – J-integral estimation method
• Support Distance
• Support Span (see Support Distance)
• Surface
• Surface Energy
• Surface Resistance
• Surface Technology
• Surface Tension and Interfacial Tension
• Surface Testing Technology
• Swelling Processes (see Water Absorption)

T

• TABOR Relationship
• Tangent Modulus (see Elastic Modulus and Shear Modulus)
• TDCB-Specimen (Tapered-Double-Cantilever Beam-specimen)
• Tearing Energy (see Trouser Specimen, Pure Shear-Specimen and Fatigue Crack Propagation Elastomers)
• Tearing Modulus
• Tear Test
• Temperature Conductivity
• Temperature-modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TM DSC)
• Tensile Creep Test
• Tensile Impact Test
• Tensile Stiffness (see Stiffness)
• Tensile Strain at Break (see Tensile Strength)
• Tensile Strength
• Tensile Test
• Tensile Test and Sound Emission Analysis
• Tensile Test Compliance
• Tensile Test Control
• Tensile Test Event-related Interpretation
• Tensile Test Influences
• Tensile Test Overlapping Creep Relaxation
• Tensile Test Residual Stresses Orientations
• Tensile Test Specimen (see Multipurpose Test Specimen)
• Tensile Test True Stress–Strain Diagram
• Tensile Test Uniform Elongation
• Test Climate
• Testing
• Testing Microcomponents
• Testing of Adhesive Bonds (see SCB-Specimen and Adhesive Joints – Determination of Characteristic Values)
• Testing of Composite Materials (see Composite Materials Testing)
• Testing Plastic Packaging
• Test Piece
• Test Specimen (see Specimen)
• Test Specimen for Fatigue Tests
• Test Speed
• Thermal Conductivity
• Thermal Diffusivity (see Temperature Conductivity)
• Thermal Expansion Coefficient
• Thermal Failure (see Continuous Vibration Test)
• Thermal Strain Analysis
• Thermal Stress Analysis
• Thermoelastic Effect
• Thermography
• Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
• Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA)
• Thermoplastic Material
• Thermosets
• Thermostability PVC
• Though Fracture (see Fracture)
• Threads, Tips and Films
• Three-point Bend Test (see Bend Test and Bend Test – Influences)
• Three-point Bend Specimen (see SENB-Specimen)
• Tie Molecules (see Slow Crack Growth and Thermomechanical Analysis)
• Time–Temperature Shift Law
• Titration Method (see Density)
• TODCB-Specimen (see SCB-Specimen)
• Torsional Stiffness (see Stiffness)
• Torsional Strength (see Strength)
• Torsion Test (see Stiffness and Shear Modulus)
• Total Reflexion (see ABBE Refractometer)
• Toughness
• Toughness Temperature Dependence
• T-Peel Test
• Tracking
• Translaminar Crack Path (see Peeling Process)
• Transmission Light
• Transmission Electron Microscopy
• Transmission Sound Waves
• Transmitter(S)-Receiver(E) Sensors (see Ultrasonic Transmitter(S)-Receiver(E) Sensors)
• Transverse Contraction (see Poisson's Ratio)
• Trapezoidal Specimen
• Traverse Path Measurement (see Tensile Testm Compression Test and Bend Test)
• Triaxial Loading (see Multiaxial Stress State)
• Tribological Stress (see Stress)
• Trouser Specimen
• TROUTON viscosity (see Elongational Viscosity)

U

• UCI Hardness (see Ultrasonic Contact Impedance (UCI) Hardness)
• UD Tape (see Composite Materials Testing and Multiple Fracture UD Tapes)
• UD Tape Tensile Test (see Multiple Fracture UD Tapes)
• Ultramicrotomy
• Ultrasonic Angle Beam Sensors
• Ultrasonic Birefringence
• Ultrasonic Composite Sensors
• Ultrasonic Contact Impedance (UCI) Hardness
• Ultrasonic Direct Coupling
• Ultrasonic Imaging Inspection (see Imaging Ultrasonic Testing)
• Ultrasonic Immersion Bath Sensors
• Ultrasonic Immersion Bath Technique
• Ultrasonic Laser Excitation
• Ultrasonic Microscopy (see Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM))
• Ultrasonic Modulation
• Ultrasonic Phased Array Sensors
• Ultrasonic Plate Waves Sensors
• Ultrasonic Pulse-echo Technique (see Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Technique)
• Ultrasonic Runtime Measurement
• Ultrasonic Sensors
• Ultrasonic Shock Wave Sensors
• Ultrasonic Standard Sensors
• Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique
• Ultrasonic Transmission Technique
• Ultrasonic Transmitter(S)-Receiver(E) Sensors
• Ultrasonic Wall Thickness Measurement
• Ultrasonic Waves Reflection
• Ultrasonic Weld Inspection
• Ultrasound – Elastic Parameters
• Ultrasound-guided Waves
• Ultrasound Testing
• Uniaxial Stress State
• Uniform Elongation (see Tensile Test Uniform Elongation)
• Universal Hardness
• Universal Testing Machine (see Material Testing Machine)
• Unstable Crack Propagation (see Crack Propagation)
• UODCB-Specimen (see SCB-Specimen)

V

• Vacuoles (see Shrink Voids)
• Value (see Material Value)
• Valve Control Test (see Lid-opening Test)
• Velocity
• Verification
• Vibration Fracture
• Vibration-induced Creep Fracture
• Vibration Strength (see Fatigue Strength)
• Vibration Test (see Continuous Vibration Test)
• Vicat Softening Temperature
• Vickers Hardness
• Vickers Indenter (see Indenter)
• Video Extensometry
• Viscoelasticity (see Linear-viscoelastic Behaviour and Viscoelastic Material Behaviour)
• Viscoelastic Material Behaviour
• Viscosity
• Viscous Deformation (see Deformation)
• Visual Inspection
• VOIGT-KELVIN Model
• Volume Dilatometry (see Tensile Test Event-related Interpretation)
• Volume Resistance
• Volume Swelling Elastomers
• Vu-Khanh Method
• Vulcanization

W

• Wall Thickness Measurement (see Ultrasonic Wall Thickness Measurement)
• Water Absorption
• Water Jet Coupling (see Squirter Technique)
• Wavelet Transform (see Frequency Analysis)
• Wave Propagation (see Ultrasound Testing)
• Waves and Arrest Lines
• Wear (see Abrasion Elastomers)
• Weld Factor (see Heterogeneity)
• Weld Line
• WHEATSTONE's Bridge Circuit (see Strain Gauge, Electro-mechanical Force Transducer, and ICIT with AE)
• White Fracture (see Fracture Types and Brittle-Tough Transition)
• Williams, James Gordon
• WILLIAMS, LANDEL und FERRY (WLF) Equation (see Time–Temperature Shift Law)
• WinICIT-Software
• WU & FOWKES method (see Surface Tension and Interfacial Tension)

X

• X-Ray Diffraction (see Crystallinity)

Y

• Yield Fracture Mechanics (see Fracture Mechanics)
• Yield Point (see Yield Stress)
• Yield Stress
• YOUNG-DUPRÉ Equation (see Surface Energy)
• YOUNG's Equation (see Surface Tension and Interfacial Tension)
• YOUNG's Modulus (see IRHD Hardness and Elastic Modulus)

Categories

• Guest Contributions

• Acoustic Test Methods/Ultrasonics
• Ageing
• Bend Test
• Colour and Gloss
• Compression Test
• Creep Behaviour Plastics
• Damage Analysis/Component Failure
• Deformation
• Elastomers
• Electrical and Dielectrical Testing
• Fatigue
• Film Testing
• Fire Behaviour
• Fracture Mechanics
• Hardness
• Hybrid Methods
• Impact Tests
• Implant Testing
• Instrumented Impact Test
• Laser Extensometry
• Light
• Material Scientists/Polymer Scientists
• Materials Science/Materials Engineering
• Measurement Testing Technology (Measurement Data Aquisition)
• Morphology and Micromechanics
• Optical Field Measurement Methods
• Peel Test
• Plastics
• Process-related Properties
• Scientific Disciplines
• Specimen
• Specimen Preparation
• Stiffness/Compliance
• Stress Cracking Resistance
• Surface Testing Technology
• Tensile Test
• Thermoanalytical Methods
• Velocity