Sound Test
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Sound test
Sound as a sign of quality – Subjective sound testing
One of the oldest non-destructive testing methods is sound testing. This involves striking the workpiece (usually metal) with a hammer. The sound produced in the audible frequency range then provides information about whether a workpiece (component) is free of defects. The sound is determined by the elastic properties and the geometry of the test piece.
Performing a manual sound test
Due to subjective perception, the type of sound testing is highly dependent on the tester and requires extensive experience and good hearing (still used today in musical instrument manufacturing). This has led to efforts to make testing independent of the tester's physiological characteristics in order to enable all testers to evaluate sound objectively and thus make comparisons.
Sound testing using frequency analysis under impulse load – Technical sound testing
The test procedure for a measurement sound test consists, for example, of a standardised hammer that strikes the test piece and a transducer that converts the vibrations into voltage pulses. The resonance vibrations are evaluated by means of a frequency analysis, which is why the sound test is also known as ‘acoustic resonance analysis – AR’ (see: resonance analysis (acoustic) [1–2].
| Fig. 1: | Schematic arrangement for pulse excitation of a turbine blade model and evaluation using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis [2] |
See also
- Ultrasound testing
- Resonance analysis
- Acoustic properties
- Acoustic emission
- Air-Ultrasound
- Non-destructive polymer testing
References
| [1] | Hertlin, I., Herkel, T.: Riss- und Gefügeprüfung mit akustischer Resonanzanalyse im Schall- und Ultraschallbereich für KfZ-Sicherheitsteile. DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2003. ZfP in Anwendung, Entwicklung und Forschung (2003) pp. 1–7, http://www.ndt.net/article/dgzfp03/papers/v18/v18.htm (access on November 10, 2025) |
| [2] | Maier, M.; Grellmann, W.; Steiner, R.: Faserverstärkte rotierende Bauteile. Forschungshefte Forschungskuratorium Maschinenbau (FKM), Heft 202 (1995), pp. 1–67 |