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13:3413:34, 3 September 2026 Electrical Conductivity (hist | edit) [11,313 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Elektrische Leitfähigkeit}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Electrical conductivity __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== Electrical conductivity ''σ'' or ''γ'', also referred to as conductance, is a physical material parameter and corresponds to the reciprocal of the specific resistance of a dielectric located in a measuring capacitor. It characterises the practically significant...")
13:3213:32, 3 September 2026 Elastic Modulus – Ultrasonic Measurement (hist | edit) [6,010 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Alterung Elastomere}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Elastic modulus – Ultrasonic measurement __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== In quality assurance and materials testing, it is often necessary to convert the characteristic values determined by non-destructive testing into elastic or mechanical characteristic values. This requ...")
13:2713:27, 3 September 2026 Elastic Modulus – Examples and Material Values (hist | edit) [17,970 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Elastizitätsmodul Beispiele Kennwertermittlung}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Elastic modulus – Examples and material values plastics __FORCETOC__ ==Introduction== The quasi-static modulus of elasticity (elastic modulus) is, alongside the Poisson's ratio, an essential parameter for describing the Ene...")
13:1913:19, 3 September 2026 Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – Torsional Stress (hist | edit) [15,391 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Dynamisch-Mechanische Analyse (DMA) – Torsionsbeanspruchung}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – Torsional stress __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== Dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) or dynamic-mechanical-thermal analysis (DMTA) using torsional loading can basically be carried out using two test methods: * forced vibrations and * free damped vibrations. In dynamic-m...")
13:1613:16, 3 September 2026 Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – Tensile Stress (hist | edit) [9,292 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Dynamisch-Mechanische Analyse (DMA) – Zugbeanspruchung}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) – Tensile stress __FORCETOC__ ==General information== In dynamic-mechanical analysis under tensile stress, the test specimen used is subjected to periodically alternating stress, whereby the characterisation of the time dependence of the Material &...")
13:1113:11, 3 September 2026 Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – Bend Loading (hist | edit) [13,005 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Dynamisch-Mechanische Analyse (DMA) – Biegebeanspruchung}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) – Bend loading __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== In dynamic-mechanical analysis under bend loading, the test specimen is subjected to periodically alternate loading, whereby the time dependence of the material behaviour can be characterised by var...")
13:0913:09, 3 September 2026 Dynamic-mechanical Analysis (DMA) – General Principles (hist | edit) [13,234 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Dynamisch-Mechanische Analyse (DMA) – Grundlagen}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) – General principles __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== In dynamic-mechanical analysis (see also: elastic modulus), a test specimen with a defined geometry is subjected to periodically alternating loading. By varying the frequency, it is poss...")
13:0913:09, 3 September 2026 Durability Elastomers (hist | edit) [5,171 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Beständigkeitsuntersuchungen Elastomere}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Durability elastomers __FORCETOC__ ==General== In a durability test, one or more materials are exposed to practice-oriented conditions over a defined period of time. These conditions of artificial ageing can be very diverse and range from thermo-oxidative, thermal and thermal-medial stress...")
13:0713:07, 3 September 2026 Dispersion (hist | edit) [5,524 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=eng|ARTIKEL=Dispersion}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Dispersion __FORCETOC__ ==General information== The term dispersion is used in the natural sciences to refer to a variety of meanings in accordance with its Latin origin (Latin: dispergere – to distribute, spread and scatter). The Wiki-lexicon ‘Polymer Testing & Diagnostics’ contains the terms * Elastome...")
13:0413:04, 3 September 2026 DENT-Specimen (hist | edit) [4,950 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=DENT-Prüfkörper}} {{PSM_Infobox}} DENT-specimen __FORCETOC__ ==General information== The Anglo-Saxon abbreviation DENT stands for ‘Double-edged Notched Tension’ and the DENT-specimen is referred to in German as a double-sided notched tensile test specimen (or a tensile test specimen notched on both sides). ==Test specimen shape== 180px {| |- valign="top" |w...")
13:0313:03, 3 September 2026 Deformation Velocity (hist | edit) [3,859 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Verformungsgeschwindigkeit}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Deformation velocity __FORCETOC__ ==General use of the term== The term deformation velocity, sometimes also referred to as loading velocity, is used in material and polymer testing [1, 2], for a wide variety of loading types and material types, as well as in structural analysis [3, 4] fo...")
13:0213:02, 3 September 2026 Deformation Rate (hist | edit) [5,418 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Deformationgeschwindigkeit}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Deformation rate __FORCETOC__ ==Terminology== The term deformation rate, which is also used as a synonym for deformation velocity, is used in very different ways in the literature and is used in rheology [1], fluid mechanics (rate of change of shape) [2], solid mechanics [3], materials and P...")
12:5912:59, 3 September 2026 Deformation Mechanisms (hist | edit) [6,471 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Deformationsmechanismen}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Deformation mechanisms '''Micromechanical deformation mechanisms''' __FORCETOC__ ==General Information== The micromechanical deformation mechanisms of plastics include, in particular, crazing and shear yielding. Deformation#Plastic deformation|Plastic defo...")
11:4311:43, 3 September 2026 CTS-Specimen (hist | edit) [4,634 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=CTS-Prüfkörper}} {{PSM_Infobox}} CTS-specimen __FORCETOC__ ==General information== The Anglo-Saxon abbreviation CTS stands for “Compact Tension Shear” and is referred to as the “Richard specimen” in German-speaking countries due to its inventor (DE 3041704 Richard/Hahn). The test specimen can be used to determine fracture mechanical characteristics under Fracture Modes|...")
11:4211:42, 3 September 2026 C-shaped Test Specimen (hist | edit) [2,600 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=C-förmiger Prüfkörper}} {{PSM_Infobox}} C-shaped test specimen The C-shaped test specimen is referred to as an ‘arc-shaped specimen’ in Anglo-Saxon countries. __FORCETOC__ ==Test specimen shape== 500px {| |- valign="top" |width="50px"|'''Fig.''': |width="600px" |Schematic presentation of the C-shaped test specimen |} '''Dimensions (ac...")
11:3811:38, 3 September 2026 Cross-linking Elastomers (hist | edit) [7,573 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Vernetzung Elastomere}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Cross-linking elastomers __FORCETOC__ ==Definition and types of cross-linking== In the field of polymeric materials, cross-linking refers to the chemical reaction that leads to the interlinking of macromolecular chains and thus to the formation of networks [1]. Rubbers can be cross-linked in various ways to...")
11:3611:36, 3 September 2026 Creep Plastics (hist | edit) [5,025 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Kriechen Kunststoffe}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Creep plastics __FORCETOC__ ==General== The properties of plastics are greatly influenced by the test speed and the test temperature. This behaviour is described by the viscoelastic properties of these materials and, under service conditions, manifests itself as creep and Relaxation...")
11:3411:34, 3 September 2026 Creep Behaviour – Tensile Creep Test (hist | edit) [8,368 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Kriechverhalten Zeitstandzugversuch}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Creep behaviour – Tensile creep test __FORCETOC__ ==General== The creep behaviour of plastics can be determined under tensile, bending and Compression Test|compressive loads]], or by means of Instrumented Hardness Testing – Method & Material Parameters|instrument...")
11:3211:32, 3 September 2026 Creep Behaviour – Recovery Test (hist | edit) [6,318 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Kriechverhalten Rückfederungsversuch}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Creep behaviour – Recovery test __FORCETOC__ ==General== The creep behaviour of plastics can be determined under tensile, bend and compressive loading, or by means of instrumented hardness testing...")
11:3111:31, 3 September 2026 Creep Behaviour – Creep Internal Compression Test (hist | edit) [7,484 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Kriechverhalten Zeitstandinnendruckversuch}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Creep behaviour – Creep internal compression test __FORCETOC__ ==Allgemeines== The creep internal pressure test is used to examine plastic components under internal pressure – such as pipes, fittings, hoses and the like – for long-term loading conditions and can therefore be classified...")
11:2911:29, 3 September 2026 Creep Behaviour – Flexural Creep Test (hist | edit) [7,851 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Kriechverhalten Zeitstandbiegeversuch}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Creep behaviour – Flexural creep test __FORCETOC__ ==General== The creep behaviour of plastics can be determined under tensile, bend and compressive stress, or by means of Instrumented Hardness Measurement – Creep|instrumented hardness meas...")
11:2711:27, 3 September 2026 Creep Behaviour – Determination (hist | edit) [8,573 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Kriechverhalten Ermittlung}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Creep behaviour – Determination __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== The creep behaviour of plastics can be determined under tensile, bend and compressive loading, or by means of instrumented hardness testing. This...")
11:2611:26, 3 September 2026 Creep Behaviour – Creep Compression Test (hist | edit) [8,737 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Kriechverhalten Zeitstanddruckversuch}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Creep behaviour – Creep compression test __FORCETOC__ ==General== The creep behaviour of plastics can be determined under tensile, bend and compressive loading, or by means of Instrumented Hardness Measurement – Creep|instrumented hardness...")
11:2511:25, 3 September 2026 Crazing (hist | edit) [5,278 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Crazing}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Crazing __FORCETOC__ ==General remarks== Crazing is one of the micromechanical deformation mechanisms. Normal stress flow zone formation occurs at low stress levels. It is not identical to the fracture failure of the polymer. In contrast to shear stress flow zones, its struc...")
11:2011:20, 3 September 2026 Crack Resistance Curve – Elastomers Quasistatic (hist | edit) [16,340 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Risswiderstandskurve – Elastomere quasistatisch}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Crack resistance curve – Elastomers quasistatic __FORCETOC__ ==Registration of R curves using quasi-static fracture mechanics tests== To characterise the crack behaviour of elastomeric materials—i.e. their resistance to stable crack initiation and Crack Pr...")
11:1811:18, 3 September 2026 Crack Resistance Curve – Examples (hist | edit) [9,402 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Risswiderstandskurve – Beispiele}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Crack resistance curve – Examples __FORCETOC__ ==General information== The toughness of plastics is characterised on the basis of the crack resistance (R) curve concept; where the material exhibits elastic-plastic behaviour, the stages of the entir...")
11:1711:17, 3 September 2026 Crack Resistance (R) Curve (hist | edit) [5,646 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Risswiderstandskurve}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Crack resistance (R) curve concept __FORCETOC__ ==Construction of an R curve== When applying the J-integral concept, it should be noted that, in most cases, fracture is initiated by stable crack propagation. The assessment of crack toughness is based on crack resistanc...")
11:1211:12, 3 September 2026 Conventional Hardness Testing (hist | edit) [2,175 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Konventionelle Härteprüfung}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Conventional hardness testing __FORCETOC__ ==Terminology== In polymer testing, a conventional hardness test method (see: hardness) refers to all methods in which characteristic values are determined using device systems that do not have any [[Electronic Instrumentation|instrumentation]...")
11:0811:08, 3 September 2026 Compressive Strength (hist | edit) [3,273 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Druckfestigkeit}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Compressive strength __FORCETOC__ ==Definition of compressive strength== The compressive strength ''σ''M or ''σ''cM is determined in a compression test on rigid and semi-rigid plastics, i.e. thermoplastic injection moulding and extrusion materials, [[Fibre-reinforced Plastics|fibre-reinforced]...")
11:0611:06, 3 September 2026 Compression Hardness (hist | edit) [3,882 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Stauchhärte}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Compresssion hardness __FORCETOC__ ==Compression hardness== This test technique is similar to the compression test and is used to determine the compression hardness of foams. To determine the compression hardness, a square test specimen (parallelepiped) is compressed between two plates and the force required to compress...")
11:0411:04, 3 September 2026 Compression After Impact Test (hist | edit) [17,007 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Compression After Impact (CAI)-Test}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Compression after impact (CAI) test – Composite materials testing __FORCETOC__ ==General information== Fibre composite materials (FCM), i.e. composites made of different fibres and a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic matrix, are increasingly being used in a wide variety of industrie...")
11:0011:00, 3 September 2026 CLS-Specimen (hist | edit) [4,556 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=CLS-Prüfkörper}} {{PSM_Infobox}} CTS-specimen The Anglo-Saxon abbreviation CLS stands for ‘Crack-Lap Shear’. __FORCETOC__ ==General information== The CLS-specimen was originally designed for investigating shear-dominated failure in adhesive joints (see also: [[Adhesive Joints – Determination of Characteristic Values|adhesive joints – determination of characteristic values]...")
11:0011:00, 3 September 2026 Charpy Testing (hist | edit) [1,548 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Charpy}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Charpy testing __FORCETOC__ ==The Charpy test== The term “Charpy testing” is derived from the French engineer Georges Augustin Albert Charpy. In mechanical materials testing, the methods used to determine the toughness properties of metallic and polymeric Material & Werkstoff|materials...")
10:5910:59, 3 September 2026 Charpy, Georges (hist | edit) [3,475 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Charpy, Georges}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Charpy, G. A. A. __FORCETOC__ ==Biography== Georges Augustin Albert Charpy (1865–1945) was a French engineer who developed the impact test named after him (see: impact test according to Charpy). File:charpy_foto.jpg In June 1901, he published his important work “Testing of Metals by Impact Bending of Notch...")
10:3610:36, 3 September 2026 Brittle-Tough Transition Temperature (hist | edit) [3,216 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Spröd-Zäh-Übergangstemperatur}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Brittle-tough transition temperature __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== The brittle-to-ductile transition temperature is a physical characteristic value that describes a fundamental change in material behaviour. For technical reasons, the focus is often on material toughness, e.g....")
10:2110:21, 3 September 2026 Bend Test and Sound Emission Analysis (hist | edit) [8,133 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Biegeversuch und Schallemissionsanalyse}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Bend test and sound emission analysis __FORCETOC__ ==Introduction== In the quasi-static bending test, the sound emissions occurring during loading on test specimens notched on one side are used to evaluate the damage kinetics. The use of n...")
10:2010:20, 3 September 2026 Bend Test and Light Microscopy (hist | edit) [9,990 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Biegeversuch und Lichtmikroskopie}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Bend test and light microscopy __FORCETOC__ ==Methods for determining damage limits at deformation== The further development of hybrid methods for polymer diagnostics always pursues the goal of increasing the informative value of individual classic testing methods. Numerous Hybrid Methods,...")
10:1610:16, 3 September 2026 Barrier Plastics (hist | edit) [11,584 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Barriere-Kunststoffe}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Barrier plastics __FORCETOC__ ==General information== You cannot simply use any plastic film for food packaging. Barrier composite films with improved shelf life are used for this purpose. As a prerequisite, the packaging film must be food-compatible and have certain barrier properties that are derived from the respective food and its intended u...")
10:1310:13, 3 September 2026 Ball Indentation Hardness (hist | edit) [8,403 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=eng|ARTIKEL=Kugeleindruckhärte}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Ball indentation hardness __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== The ball indentation method was introduced to determine the hardness of plastics. The method is based on measuring the penetration depth of a steel ball into the surface of a test specimen under the influence of a test load. This test load i...")
09:4209:42, 3 September 2026 A-Scan Technique (hist | edit) [3,463 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=A-Bild-Technik}} {{PSM_Infobox}} A-scan technique __FORCETOC__ ==Fundamentals== The A-scan is the basic presentation of results for every ultrasound investigation and is always used for evaluation in the event of problematic measurement results. The A-scan is characterized by the fact that the amplitude of the HF-scan is formed ('''Fig. 1'''). This...")
09:4109:41, 3 September 2026 Angle Specimen (hist | edit) [1,987 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Winkelprüfkörper}} {{PSM_Infobox}} A-Bild-Technik __FORCETOC__ ==General information== Angle test specimens, strip-shaped or arc-shaped test specimens in accordance with ISO 34-1, and trapezoidal test specimens in accordance with DIN 53563 are used to determine the tear resistance of elastomers in tear tests. The angle specimens...")
09:4009:40, 3 September 2026 Alpha ROCKWELL Hardness (hist | edit) [3,476 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Alpha-Rockwellhärte}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Alpha ROCKWELL hardness __FORCETOC__ ==General information== Although the ROCKWELL hardness test method was originally designed only for metallic materials (HRC, HRB, etc.), there are now scales and loads that make it suitable for plastics as well (HR15Y, HR30Y with 15 and 30 kg loads). ==Alpha Rockwell hardness for plastics== In...")
09:3409:34, 3 September 2026 Air-Ultrasound – Device Technology (hist | edit) [9,051 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=eng|ARTIKEL=Luftultraschall Gerätetechnik}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Air-ultrasound – Device technology __FORCETOC__ ==General== Material testing using ultrasound is a traditional non-destructive testing method that has been introduced technologically. It is mainly used in ultrasonic weld inspection, defectoscopy and Ultr...")
09:2809:28, 3 September 2026 Adhesive Energy Release Rate (hist | edit) [8,425 bytes] Oluschinski (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Language_sel|LANG=ger|ARTIKEL=Adhäsive Energiefreisetzungsrate}} {{PSM_Infobox}} Adhesive energy release rate (Author: Prof. Dr. Michael Nase) __FORCETOC__ ==General== To characterize the peel behaviour of plastic or metal films, as well as metal-plastic composites, the T-peel test based on ASTM D 1876 “Standard Test Method for Peel Resistance of Ad...")

3 September 2026