Tensile Impact Test

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Tensile impact test, conventional

General

The aim of the conventional tensile-impact test in accordance with ISO 8256 “Plastics – Determination of impact-tensile toughness” is to investigate the behaviour of test specimens at a relatively high impact velocity and to assess the toughness or brittleness of films and elastomers [1].

Validity of the tensile-impact test

In principle, the tensile-impact test (using unnotched specimens) is particularly suitable for investigating those materials for which impact tests and notched impact tests according to Charpy (three-point bending) are unsuitable due to the nature of the specimens (thickness, flexibility). Very thin test specimens, e.g. those made from films, or very flexible test specimens (elastomeric materials), can therefore be subjected to impact loading, thereby allowing their toughness properties to be assessed under sudden loading conditions (see: impact loading plastics).

In the test, the tensile-impact test is carried out at a relatively high deformation velocity (see also: test speed). The method is suitable for test specimens produced from moulding compounds, semi-finished products or moulded parts, and is used for production and quality control. The conventional tensile-impact test also makes it possible to determine the mechanical anisotropic behaviour by taking test specimens from test plates or components in different directions and testing them.

Procedure for this method

Pendulum impact test machines are used to carry out such experiments (see: impact loading pendulum impact tester), which are fitted with the additional equipment required for tensile-impact tests, such as special pendulum hammers and clamping devices (e.g. the Resil Impactor from Ceast (Italy)).

Fig.:

Resil Impactor pendulum impact tester manufactured by Ceast (Italy) for carrying out impact and notched tensile impact tests

The dimensions of the test specimens used to determine impact-tensile toughness are: length L = 80 mm and width W = 10 mm. The test specimens used to determine impact-tensile toughness are shoulder bars with a length of L = 80 mm, a measured length l₀ = 30 mm, a web width of 10 mm and a shoulder width of 15 mm.

To carry out tensile-impact tests, the test specimens are secured within the testing apparatus using a fixed clamping device on one side and a crosshead clamp on the other. After the pendulum hammer is released from its initial position, the test specimens are loaded in the longitudinal direction until fracture occurs.

Specification of material values

The results of the experiment are used to determine the impact energy E_c, and subsequently the conventional tensile-impact toughness a_tU is calculated:

a_{tU}\,=\,{\frac {E_{c}}{b\cdot h}}

A comprehensive review of the literature on the conventional tensile-impact strength a_tN for numerous plastics is provided in [2].

References

[1]	ISO 8256 (2023-11): Plastics – Determination of Tensile-impact Strength
[2]	Reincke, K., Grellmann, W.: Tensile-impact toughness. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S.: Mechanical and Thermomechanical Properties of Polymers. Landolt-Börnstein. Volume VIII/6A3, Springer, Berlin (2014) pp. 236–240, (ISBN 978-3-642-55165-9; see AMK-Library under A 16)

Weblinks

Wikipedia – The Free Encyclopedia: Schlagzugzähigkeit (access on July 16, 2026)