T-Peel Test
T-Peeltest | A service provided by |
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T-Peel test
Schematic representation of the T-peel test
The T-peel test is used to characterise the peel behaviour (see:peeling process) of peel systems (Fig. 1) and is performed in accordance with ASTM D 1876 and DIN 55529. The designation ‘T’ refers to the presence of two peel arms, each of which is bent by 90° during the peel test, resulting in a ‘T-shape’. The T-peel test is performed on a universal testing machine (see: material testing machine). The clamping length l0 = 50 mm and the peel speed vT = 100 mm/min.
| Fig. 1: | Schematic representation of the T-peel test; the length and width of the sealed seam were reversed due to the available dimensions compared to the literature |
Material parameters
During the peel test, a peel force–fracture path (elongation) diagram is recorded, from which the application-related measurement variable peel force can be obtained. For the fracture mechanical characterisation (see: fracture mechanical testing) of the peeling process, the energy-determined parameter adhesive energy release rate is used.
Example of a PE-LD/iPB-1 peel film system
Using the example of the peel system low-density polyethylene blended with isotactic polybutene-1 (abbreviation: PE-LD/iPB-1), the peel force–fracture path diagrams (peel curves) recorded during the T-peel test for different iPB-1 contents of 6, 10 and 20 M.% are shown in Fig. 2. The peel curves shown typically exhibit two local maxima, the presence of which is due to the concave cross-section of the sealed seam. Furthermore, the plateau area used to determine the measured variable peel force is clearly visible in the peel curves. The force level of this plateau area and also the fracture path lB are reduced with increasing iPB-1 mass fraction.
| Fig. 2: | Representation of selected peel force–fracture path diagrams |
See also
- Peel Test
- Peel Force
- Peel properties of the peel systems
- Fixed-arm peel test
- Peel-cling test
- Peel behaviour – modelling
- in-situ peel test
References
- ASTM D 1876 (2008, reapproved 2023): Standard Test Method for Peel Resistance of Adhesives (T-Peel Test)
- DIN 55529 (2012-09): Verpackung – Bestimmung der Siegelnahtfestigkeit von Siegelungen aus flexiblen Packstoffen
- DIN ISO 813 (2020-12): Elastomere und thermoplastische Elastomere – Bestimmung der Haftfestigkeit zu einer Trägerplatte – 90° Schälverfahren
- Nase, M., Langer, B., Grellmann, W.: Bruchmechanische Kennwertermittlung im T-Peeltest und im Fixed-Arm Peeltest. In: Frenz, H., Grellmann, W. (Eds.): 26. Tagung Werkstoffprüfung „Herausforderung neuer Werkstoffe an die Forschung und Werkstoffprüfung“, Berlin (2008) Proceedings pp. 223–228, (ISBN 978-3-00-026399-6; see AMK-Library under A 10)
- Nase, M.: Zusammenhang zwischen Herstellungsbedingungen, übermolekularer Struktur und Eigenschaften von Peelfolien. Shaker Pubishing (2010) (ISBN 978-3-8322-9099-3; see AMK-Library under B 1-17)
- Reincke, K., Grellmann, W.: Verfahren zur Charakterisierung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von Folien und Elastomeren. In: Grellmann, W. (Hrsg.): Neue Entwicklungen in der Werkstoffprüfung – Herausforderung an die Kennwertermittlung. Tagung "Werkstoffprüfung 2011", 1 and 2 December 2011, Berlin, Proceedings pp. 185–192 (ISBN 978-3-9814516-1-0; see AMK-Library under A 13)
- ESIS-TC4: A Protocol for Determination of the Adhesive Fracture Toughness of Flexible Laminates by Peel Testing: Fixed-Arm and T-peel Methods (2007) Download as pdf (access on 21/10/2025)
- Reincke, K.: Testing of Polymeric Films. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser, Munich (2022). 3rd. Edition, pp. 643–678 (ISBN 978-1-56990-806-8; e-Book ISBN 978-1-56990-807-5; ePub ISBN 978-1-56990-808-2; see AMK-Library under A 22)